Первый историограф Исландии Сэмунд Мудрый
The article is dedicated to a medieval Icelandic historian, the priest Sæmundr Sigfússon (Sæmundr the Wise, born in 1056, died in 1133), who was working on his history of Norwegian kings at about the same time as the famous historian Ari Þorgilsson (Ari the Wise) was writing The Book of Icelanders. Historiographical work created by Sæmundr was lost. Its content has been partly restored based on references to it preserved in sagas and other sources. The facts of Sæmundr’s biography and those of his historical and literary activity are studied in the article in the context of some of the most important processes and events in the history of Iceland of the eleventh to the fi rst third of the twelth century; most of them are related to the consolidation of Christianity in the country and the establishment of the national church. In particular, such issues are in the focus of attention as the access to education in the Middle Ages, the formation of centers of learning in Iceland and training of priests among Icelanders; the expansion of land possession by the Church, the development and implementation of the legislation which established the introduction of tithes; the use of vernacular writing, the codifi cation of laws, and many others. Being not only a priest and historian, but also a public fi gure, Sæmundr directly participated in many events that had historical signifi cance for the country and its people. Broad education in different fi elds of knowledge (particularly in the humanities — history, literature, legislation), recognized by the most infl uential and competent people of Iceland, allowed Sæmundr to work on a number of laws that changed political and economic conditions in Iceland signifi cantly.
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